目录
前言 iii
1 范围 .................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 定义 .................................................................................................................................................. 1
2.1 液力固结室的隔膜压力 ......................................................................................................... 1
2.2 施加的总应力 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.3 自由应变加载 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.4 自由应变加载 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.5 孔隙压力比比率 ..................................................................................................................... 1
2.6 室压（ 3 σ ） ........................................................................................................................... 2
2.7 反压(UB) ................................................................................................................................... 2
2.8 有效室压 ................................................................................................................................. 2
2.9 有效固结压( ) ...................................................................................................................... 2
2.10 孔隙压力系数A 和B ......................................................................................................... 2
3 液压室确定固性 .............................................................................................................................. 2
3.1 综述 ......................................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 仪器 ......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3 试样制备 ............................................................................................................................... 14
3.4 组装压力室 ........................................................................................................................... 18
3.5 单向垂直排水固结试验步骤 ................................................................................................ 21
3.6 双向垂直排水固结实验的步骤 ............................................................................................ 32
3.7 向外径向排水固结实验的步骤 ............................................................................................ 34
3.8 运用内部径向排水进行固结试验的步骤 ............................................................................ 38
4 确定液压固结室中的渗透性。 .................................................................................................... 41
4.1 综述 ....................................................................................................................................... 41
4.2 制备试样的仪器。 ............................................................................................................... 42
4.3 渗透试验所需仪器 ............................................................................................................... 42
4.4 仪器标定 ............................................................................................................................... 43
4.5 仪器的准备和检查 ............................................................................................................... 43
4.6 试验试样的制备 ................................................................................................................... 44
4.7 组装压力室 ........................................................................................................................... 44
4.8 试验步骤 ............................................................................................................................... 44
4.9 计算 ....................................................................................................................................... 46
4.10 试验报告 ............................................................................................................................... 47
5 用三轴压力室确定等向固结性质 ................................................................................................ 48
5.1 综述 ....................................................................................................................................... 48
5.2 仪器 ....................................................................................................................................... 48
5.3 制备和安装试样 ................................................................................................................... 53
5.4 饱和 ....................................................................................................................................... 54
5.5 带有垂直排水的三轴固结步骤 ............................................................................................ 57
5.6 计算，绘图并分析 ............................................................................................................... 58
5.7 试验报告 ............................................................................................................................... 61
6 确定三轴压力室中的渗透率 ........................................................................................................ 62
6.1 综述 ....................................................................................................................................... 62
6.2 试样制备仪器 ....................................................................................................................... 63
6.3 用于渗透试验的仪器 ........................................................................................................... 63
6.4 仪器准备和检查 ................................................................................................................... 64
6.5 制备和形成试样 ................................................................................................................... 65
6.6 饱和 ....................................................................................................................................... 65
6.7 固结 ....................................................................................................................................... 65
6.8 渗透率的测量步骤（见附录A 表6.P） ............................................................................. 65
6.9 计算 ....................................................................................................................................... 66
6.10 结果报告 ............................................................................................................................... 66
附录A 典型试验数据和计算形式 ............................................................................................... 68
参考刊物（封三） ................................................................................................................................ 85
图 1-液压室中固结实验的排水和加载状态 .......................................................................................... 5
图 2-垂直排水的压力室布置[试验类型(A) ............................................................................................ 6
图 3-隔膜的荷载标定布置 .................................................................................................................... 16
图 4-周边径向排水固结实验的液压固结室连接（试验类型(F)） .................................................... 23
图 5-从对数时间曲线推导T50 .............................................................................................................. 29
图 6-从幂函数曲线推导T50 和T90 ........................................................................................................ 32
图 7-温度校正曲线 ................................................................................................................................ 34
图 8-三轴固结试验的仪器和压力室的布置 ........................................................................................ 51
图9-从孔隙压力消散对对数时间图推导T50 ...................................................................................... 64
图 10-三轴渗透性试验的仪器和压力室的布置 .................................................................................. 67